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Beschreibung
Die Module sind der Hauptbestandteil von Photovoltaik-Anlagen, neben den, um Energie für mehr als 25 Jahre zu produzieren, müssen die schwersten atmosphärischen Schwankungen standhalten.
Praktisch kein Industrieprodukt verfügt, um diese harten Bedingungen so lange zu widerstehen. Dies ist der Grund, warum extreme Sorgfalt für die Qualität der jede und jeder der in seinem Aufbau verwendet und sich bemühen, die verschiedenen Produktionsprozesse Komponenten, mit mehreren und strenge Qualitätskontrollen, um das Vertrauen zu unseren Kunden während der Laufzeit zu geben.
Unsere PV-Module sind mit den neuesten Materialien, die Festigkeit und ausgezeichnete Dichtqualitäten Undurchlässigkeit bereitzustellen und zu unterstützen ihre lange Lebensdauer und ermöglicht den nahtlosen Betrieb des Systems auch unter schwierigsten Wetterbedingungen ausgelegt.
Sie sind mit kristallinen Siliziumzellen (mono- oder poly) Gewährleistung der Stromproduktion von Sonnenaufgang bis Sonnenuntergang gemacht.
Alle Modelle verfügen über Anschlusskasten witterungsbeständig, mit positiven und negativen Anschlüssen Einbeziehung Bypass-Dioden (By-Pass), deren Aufgabe ist, um die Möglichkeit der Zerschlagung der elektrischen Schaltung innerhalb des Moduls durch Teilverschattung der Zellen zu verhindern.
Die breite Palette der bestehenden Mächte, stellt sicher, alle Bedürfnisse der Einsatz in Photovoltaik-Solaranlagen.
Materialien
Solar Innova uses the latest materials to manufacture photovoltaic modules:
Glass
The front of the module contains a tempered solar glass with high transparency with high transmissivity, low reflectivity and low iron content.
The glass forms the front end of photovoltaic module and protects components housed within the laminate from the weather and mechanical stresses.
At the same time serves as carrier material in the lamination process.
A high transmittance increases the efficiency of the photovoltaic cells and thus has a direct influence on the potency and performance of the final module. A low iron content in the glass composition and an antireflection coating to reduce absorption of radiant energy.
Achieve excellent resistance against mechanical stress and temperature changes due to preload producer.
Anti-reflective Coating
Low-iron solar glass, combined with nanometer anti-reflective coating technology, is applied for solar modules. It increases solar transmittance by way of decreasing light reflectance, thus increasing the solar cell efficiency. Besides, it reduces the reflected glare of the glass and the pollution caused by the reflectance to the environment. The super water-wet behavior of the coating could in some degree protect the dust and dirt from shading the light and improve the self-cleaning of the glass so that the solar cell could maintain high efficiency.
Light Transmittance: Increase by above 2 % (400-1100 nm)
Module Output: Increase by above 2 %
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TEST ITEM |
RESULT |
TEST METHOD |
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Light Transmittance |
91,89 % |
ISO 9050:2003 (E) |
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Light Reflectance |
5.28 % |
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Solar Direct Transmittance |
91.62 % |
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Solar Direct Reflectance |
5.49 % |
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Solar Direct Absorptance |
2.89 % |
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UV Transmittance |
86.69 % |
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UV reflectance |
9.27 % |
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Total solar energy transmittance |
92.37 % |
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Transmission factor |
FT = 0.918 |
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IAM Weighting Factor |
FIAM = 0.954 |
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Photodegradation Factor |
FUV = 1.000 |
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Degradation Factor |
FDEG = 1.000 |
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Glass Efficiency Value |
ηGl = 0.876 |
Top Encapsulant (EVA)
The sheets of EVA (Ethyl Vinyl Acetate) are used to connect the solar cells through the lamination process with glass surface. This step provides the "encapsulated" solar module that is responsible for holding together the photovoltaic module and have a decisive bearing on life. The degree of chained EVA sheet after the lamination process is decisive for the quality indicator of the solar module.
An EVA sheet must guarantee insulation and protective effect throughout the life of the module. The films of poor quality can cause long-term discoloration, delamination or decomposition and, therefore, strongly impair the performance capability of the module in question. Solar Innova uses only high quality sheet of chains with a degree exceeding 85 %, thus providing long lasting protection of cells.
Ribbon
Welding ribbon is specially designed for manufacturing solar panels product. It is used for electrical connections between solar photovoltaics.
It is made with a flat copper tape, coated with a thin layer of tin (414-600 microinches) on all sides. Tin copper confers protection against oxidation and provides a layer for easy welding.
The welding of the cells is performed by a combination of heat and pressure welding the longitudinal straps. The tape reaches the factory coils are placed in the automatic welding machines.
The solder coating on the ribbon interconnect provides 100% of that needed to form a reliable metallurgical bond at the top of the welding cells.
Cells
Solar cells directly convert sunlight into direct current electrical energy and the generator are of the module. The quality of cells directly influences the characteristics of a solar module is therefore essential silicon composition used.
Solar Innova cells used exclusively Innova highly efficient with minimal variations in the process of optimizing the production reproducibility of the separation of cells. Is a determining factor for the quality of the cell constant for stable profits. The high resistance multipliers and fill factors used cells provide a good source of energy radiation especially low.
Each cell is checked, and classified electrically calibrated prior to interconnection to optimize the behavior of the module.
Lower Encapsulant (EVA)
The sheets of EVA (Ethyl Vinyl Acetate) are used to connect the solar cells through the lamination process with glass surface. This step provides the "encapsulated" solar module that is responsible for holding together the photovoltaic module and have a decisive bearing on life. The degree of chained EVA sheet after the lamination process is decisive for the quality indicator of the solar module.
An EVA sheet must guarantee insulation and protective effect throughout the life of the module. The films of poor quality can cause long-term discoloration, delamination or decomposition and, therefore, strongly impair the performance capability of the module in question. Solar Innova uses only high quality sheet of chains with a degree exceeding 85 %, thus providing long lasting protection of cells.
Back-Sheet (TPT)
TPT backsheet is composed of a plastic polymer trilayer laminated between two layers of polyester sheet of Tedlar. Provides complete protection and sealed against environmental agents and offers a perfect electrical insulation due to its excellent strength and barrier properties against moisture and UV resistance. It also reduces the operating temperature of the cells.
Junction Box
The primary function is to transmit the energy produced in the module.
The junction box installed is made high temperature resistant plastics. The box is sealed and ready for the weather. Has a degree IP-65, which provides the insulation system against moisture, inclement weather, dirt and ultraviolet radiation. Inside are installed bypass diodes.
Bypass diodes protect the tensile modulus increased and consequently the so-called hot spot effects.
The modules are supplied with box and bypass diodes integrated.
In each module there is a single box for both terminals. Polarity must be observed in the connections to the proper functioning of the modules.
The junction box can be opened in case of failure, thereby facilitating an eventual replacement of damaged diodes. Covers of junction boxes have an indicative drawing. They open by inserting a screwdriver in the appropriate tab in the direction of the arrow, with light pressure on it to open. To close the lid, simply press it to closure. The lid has a flange attached to the junction box while handling the interior thereof. This flange must not be cut at all.
The junction boxes should not suffer any pressure when installing the module on a support structure. No element of it should touch the box.
The junction boxes are similar to modules with the same voltage rating. All connection boxes are provided with symmetrical cables of length 900 mm. With a connector positive (+) and a negative connector (-) with a working temperature range between - 40 ~ + 85° C.
Protection Diodes
The shading of a cell can cause a reverse voltage on it. This cell thus consume power generated by the other in series, resulting in undesirable heating of the shaded cell. This effect, called hot spot will be greater the higher the radiation incident on the rest of the smaller cells and cell receiving that due to the shadow. In an extreme case the cell may be broken due to overheating.
The use of protective diodes or by-pass reduces the risk of heating of the shaded cells, limiting the current that can flow through them and thus preventing the breakage thereof.
All modules with a number of cells greater than or equal to 33 connected in series, manufactured by Solar Innova, are provided with protection diodes that are located at the junction boxes. In modules with fewer cells in series are not required the bypass diodes, as the hot spot effect does not reach the level of risk of rupture of the cells.
The replacement of bypass diodes should be performed only by a qualified competent photovoltaic after disconnecting the system module.
Cables
Our modules are fitted with flexible cables, symmetrical in length, with a diameter of copper section of 4 mm, weather resistant and have been specially designed and certified for use in our modules. Have high values of electrical safety and fire resistance. Its insulation to weathering and UV rays ensures longevity of the installation. Furthermore, the wide range of temperature allows its application even in extreme climatic areas, preventing heat aging and therefore allowing a long life in the photovoltaic system. They have a high strength and a very low contact resistance, all designed to obtain minimum voltage drop losses and allows them to continue operating even in unfavorable conditions.
All our photovoltaic modules are supplied with cable assemblies in the box with the following features:
Length: 900 mm.
Operating Temperature Range: - 40 ~ + 90° C.
Connectors
Our PV modules are equipped with connectors and sockets MC-T4 100 % compatible with the connectors and sockets used to connect electrical systems. Only MC-T4 connector or compatible and special solar cables may be used to lengthen the cables connected to the module. These must meet the electrical requirements of the Interconnection design.
All our photovoltaic modules are supplied with assembled connectors on cables with the following features:
Diameter: Ø 4 mm.
Maximum rated current: 30 A.
Maximum system voltage: 1000 V.
Plugged Protection level: IP-67.
Mounting: easy.
Locking system: Snap in.
Protection Class: II.
Operating Temperature Range: - 40 ~ + 90° C.
Frame
Our modules are completed self-supporting compact frame made of aluminum anodized aluminum pressure 5 series to achieve an optimum weight moment of inertia, in order to obtain greater rigidity and resistance to torsion and bending. This variant consists entirely of aluminum frame provides maximum stability and protects the materials fatigue.
The frame plays a key role within the module. On the one hand, protects the laminated housed inside thermal and mechanical stress, and secondly, serves as fixation point for connecting to the substructure.
The frames are designed for easy transport and installation. The distance between the end of the frame is optimized to ensure both a good seal as the maximum loss reduction.
It has several holes to fasten the module to the support structure and ground if necessary.
Sealed
PV modules require the use of silicone sealant high quality for bonding and sealing of frames and junction boxes of photovoltaic modules.
Silicone has excellent adhesion to most substrates used in the manufacture of photovoltaic modules and does not lose its flexibility in a wide temperature range so it offers perfect protection against the ingress of water into the laminate.
Fabricated with high efficiency. No chemical reactions with EVA material and PVF film protector ensures the chemical stability.
The silicone is applied in the grooves of the frame and the edge of the laminate so as to prevent any infiltration of gas or liquid that can erode the module. At the same time, elasticity serves as a protection against possible mechanical impacts during installation or handling.
Labels
This document describes data sheet and nameplate information for non-concentrating photovoltaic modules. The intent is to provide minimum information required to configure a safe and optimal system with photovoltaic modules. In this context, data sheet information is a technical description separate from the photovoltaic module. The nameplate is a sign in durable construction in the photovoltaic module.
This document is used for identification and traceability at each stage of the production process as part of quality control.
Produktion
Jedes Photovoltaikmodul besteht aus einem Satz elektrisch miteinander verbundener Solarzellen, die mit anderen Materialien gekapselt sind, die das Ganze widerstandsfähig gegenüber atmosphärischen Bedingungen machen, robust und einfach zu installieren. Im Folgenden werden die wichtigsten Phasen des Herstellungsprozesses kurz zusammengefasst:
3.- Zellverbindungs
Die Verschweißung der Zellen ist einer der wesentlichen Schritte des Herstellungsprozesses eines Solarmoduls.
Löten die Solarzellen in Ketten von Zellen (strings) wird durch Verbinden der Vorderseite einer Zelle, die mit der Rückseite der nächsten Zelle, die durch Metallstreifen gefertigt, sammeln und leiten den Strom durch die Schnur oder Kette von photovoltaischen Zellen.
Die Zellschweißmaschinen Sonnen Innova Zellen und verschiedene Arten von Dimensionen (Höhe, Dicke, Anzahl von Sammelschienen, monokristallinem oder polykristallinem Silizium) zu verschweißen.
4.- Layout
Vor gehärtetem Glas ist angeordnet, um die Verschlechterung der photoelektrischen Zellen zu vermeiden.
Dann legen Sie die Schutzfolie EVA oder PVB, mit denen die Vorderseite der Zellen zu kapseln.
Er geht Strings sequentiell alle den gleichen Abstand zwischen jedem von ihnen verlassen. Sobald alle Saiten werden sie miteinander verschweißt werden.
Dann nächste EVA oder PVB Schutzfolie mit dem kapseln die Rückseite der Zellen platziert.
Am hinteren Glas temperiert Verschlechterung der Photozellen zu verhindern, ist gelegt.
6.- Laminierung
Das Sandwich wurde in einen Autoklaven (heißen Ofen) eingeführt, hermetisch bei einer Temperatur von 145-150º Celsius versiegelt und einem Druck zwischen 10,5 bis 11,5 bar während zwei Phasen von zwei Stunden eine robuste Einheit zu bilden, Wetter, um die verschiedenen Schichten des Moduls über Druck und Temperatur zu versiegeln.
Sobald gebacken wird vorgegangen das überschüssige Material (EVA oder PVB) an den Rändern des Laminats zu schneiden.
11.- Test Blitzanlage
Der Test Blitzanlage ist ein wesentlicher Qualitätskontrolle in einer Produktionslinie von Solarmodulen.
Alle unsere Module eingeführt werden, in einem Sonnensimulator zu testen, sie durch ein Voltmeter wird festgestellt, dass die Strom-Spannungskurve das richtige Modul ist.
Der Flash-Test ist ein Test, um die Ausgangsleistung eines PV-Moduls zu messen und ist ein Standardverfahren beim Hersteller die Funktionsfähigkeit der einzelnen Module zu gewährleisten. Während eines Flash-Test wird das Photovoltaik-Modul zu einem kurzen ausgesetzt (1 ms bis 30 ms), hell (100 mW pro sq. Cm) Lichtblitz aus einer Xenonbogenlampe gefüllt. Das Ausgangsspektrum dieser Lampe ist so nahe an dem Spektrum der Sonne wie möglich.
Um die Genauigkeit der Messung zu gewährleisten, verwenden wir ein Flugzeug Positionierungsmodul und perfekt ausgerichtet Blitzbeleuchtung uniform über die gesamte Fläche des Moduls ist.
Der Ausgang wird von einem Computer gesammelt und die Daten werden auf einen Referenzsolarmoduls verglichen. Die Referenzdaten werden an den Leistungsausgang auf Standardsonneneinstrahlung kalibriert ausgerichtet.
Die Ergebnisse der Flash-Test werden den Spezifikationen der PV-Module und Datenblätter der Daten im Vergleich zu Flash-Berichte aufgenommen und auf die Modul zurück auf das Etikett gedruckt.
Diese Tests werden ausgeführt, um die Isolierung zwischen den Zeichenketten oder Zeichenfolgen und dem Modulrahmen zu gewährleisten.
12.- Beschriftung
Sobald die einzelnen Module durchgeführten Messungen werden mit einem deutlich sichtbar und dauerhaft Aufkleber auf der Rückseite beschriftet werden, in dem die Daten des Herstellers, des Modells und technische Details der einzelnen Module reflektiert werden, die alle in Übereinstimmung mit der EN 50380:2003, Informationen aus der Daten Blätter und Typenschilder für Photovoltaik-Module.
Die Module werden auf dem hinteren Teil mit einem Barcode eine Seriennummer rückverfolgbar auf das Herstellungsdatum für die Identifizierung der Bezeichnung enthält.
